When you sort a board, you can save the sort as a new view using the “Save as new view” button in the upper right corner of the sort dialog (found in the secondary menu above the top group on the board)
You can control board permissions for users using the board permissions option from the 3 dot menu in the upper right side next to the Invite box. There are board permissions to restrict editing permissions from editing anything down to only writing updates and not being able to edit. There is also an option so users can only edit items they are assigned to in a people column.
You will need to confirm yourself that this prevents them from changing views, as I didn’t test this (I don’t have other users in my monday.com instance right now).
It looks like you are already in a created view, so the dialog is asking to update the current view, rather than creating a new view. In the views tabs across the top, would you make sure you are in the main table view all the way on the left? Then try again and see if that provides the new view.
Alternatively (working from memory as I’m on my phone) there should be a plus or new view button to the right of the views you have established. You can create a new view there and save it as default.