Full disclosure, I am with the developer of Column Magic - which I am about to suggest you try.
There is a feature called “Text Builder” within the suite. There is a recipe that can use message boxes to build both the URL and the display text from other columns.
That said DO NOT trigger it when the link column changes and then write to the same link column - you will create an infinite loop and use up all of your automations in short order.
Since the link is currently the display text, you can use that as the URL pattern. Then pick the Jira ID as the Text Pattern. Then write to the Jira link.
I am assuming the Jira link and Jira ID are set when the item is created. Here is a recipe suggestion:
If its not when the item is created… you may want to find a column that changes with them you can use to trigger. (maybe Jira writes one more column like a status?)
Hope this helps get you headed in the right direction though! If you need additional help, let us know. Also as long as you can see the column with your account, it doesn’t matter if the column is hidden like formulas. Maybe you can use a second link column, and when Jira link changes - write it to the new link column. Same effect and avoids some of the troubles. Then you can hide the other two from view for everyone but yourself.